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2024 Vol.11, Issue 2

Original Article

Nitrogen Transport In Groundwater-Surface Water Hyporheic Zone at Brackish Lake

기수호의 지하수-지표수 혼합대 내 질소 거동 분석

Seul Gi Lee1
,
Jin Chul Joo2*
,
Hee Sun Moon3
,
Su Ryeon Kim4
,
Dong Jun Kim4
이 슬기1
,
주 진철2*
,
문 희선3
,
김 수련4
,
김 동준4
1Master, Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea
2Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea
3Principal Researcher, Groundwater Environmental Research Center, Climate Change Response Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea
4Master Course, Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea
1국립한밭대학교 환경공학과 석사
2국립한밭대학교 건설환경공학과 교수
3한국지질자원연구원 기후변화대응연구본부 지하수연구센터 책임연구원
4국립한밭대학교 환경공학과 석사과정
*Corresponding Author
30 June 2024. pp. 23-34
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Abstract

Sediment, aquifer materials, surface water, and groundwater from brackish Songji lake affected by salinity of seawater, were collected and a pilot scale column experiment was conducted to simulate the nitrogen transport through the hyporheic zone. Upstream experiments of groundwater displayed that groundwater containing a small amount of salt percolated into aquifers and sediments, maintaining low dissolved oxygen concentrations. In addition, partial denitrification occurred in the aquifer due to salinity and low dissolved oxygen, resulting in the accumulation of NO2-. In sediments, nitrogenous compounds were reduced due to adsorption by long residence times or microbial-mediated oxidation/reduction reactions. Downstream experiments of surface water displayed that surface water from the brackish lake, containing high concentrations of dissolved oxygen and salts, infiltrated into the sediments and aquifer, supplying high dissolved oxygen concentrations. This resulted in biological nitrification in the sediments and aquifer, which reduced nitrogen-based pollutants despite the high salt concentration in the surface water. Whereas partial denitrification at low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the upwelling mixing zone was observed by salinity and accumulated NO2-, nitrification at high dissolved oxygen concentrations in the downwelling mixing zone was not significantly affected by salinity. These results confirm that salinity in the brackish water lake has some influence on the nitrogen behavior of the hyporheic mixing zone, although nitrogen behavior is a complex combination of factors such as DO, pH, substrate concentration, and organic matter concentration.

Keywords
Brackish lake
Groundwater
Hyporheic zone
Nitrogen cycle
Salinity
Surface water

해수에 의해 염분의 영향을 받는 기수호(brackish lake)인 송지호의 퇴적물(sediment), 대수층 충진재(aquifer materials), 지표수, 지하수를 채수 및 채취하여 분석하고, 해당 시료를 이용하여 염분의 영향을 받는 혼합대(hyporheic zone)를 모사하는 pilot scale 컬럼 실험을 진행하였다. 지하수의 상향류 실험 결과, 소량의 염분을 포함한 지하수가 대수층 및 퇴적물로 용승하며 낮은 용존산소 농도를 유지하였다. 또한 대수층에서 염분과 낮은 용존산소로 인해 부분 탈질(partial denitrification)이 발생해 NO2-의 축적이 확인되었다. 퇴적물에서는 긴 체류시간에 의해 질소계 화합물이 흡착되거나 미생물 매개의 산화/환원 반응으로 인해 질소계 화합물 농도가 저감되었다. 지표수의 하향류 실험 결과, 높은 농도의 용존산소와 염분을 포함한 기수호의 지표수가 퇴적물과 대수층으로 침투하며 높은 용존산소 농도를 공급하였다. 이로인해 퇴적물과 대수층에서 생물학적 질산화(nitrification)가 발생하였고, 지표수의 높은 염분 농도에도 불구하고 질소계 오염물질이 저감되었다. 이를 통해, 염분의 영향을 받는 상향류의 혼합대의 경우 낮은 용존산소 농도로 부분 탈질이 발생하며 염분에 의해 NO2-가 축적되고, 하향류의 혼합대의 경우 높은 용존산소 농도에 의해 질산화가 발생하며 염분의 영향을 크게 받지 않는다. 이를 통해 기수호 내 염분이 혼합대의 질소 거동에 일부 영향을 미치나 DO, pH, 기질 농도, 유기물질 농도 등의 요인이 복합적으로 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

키워드
기수호
지하수
혼합대
질소 순환
염분
지표수
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering
  • Publisher(Ko) :응용생태공학회
  • Journal Title :Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
  • Journal Title(Ko) :응용생태공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 11
  • No :2
  • Pages :23-34
  • Received Date : 2023-12-11
  • Revised Date : 2024-04-30
  • Accepted Date : 2024-05-03
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.17820/eri.2024.11.2.023
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