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Original Article

Analyses of Riparian Vegetation Establishment due to Flow and Sediment Regime Changes - A Case of the Byeongsanseowon Reach of the Upper-Middle Nakdong-gang River: (Ⅱ) Implication to River Management

흐름 및 유사이송 변화에 따른 하천의 수림화 현상 연구 - 낙동강 중상류 병산서원 구간 사례: (Ⅱ) 하천관리 시사점

Hyoseop Woo1
,
Chang-Lae Jang2*
,
Kang-Hyun Cho3
,
Won Kim4
,
Daehyun Kim5
우 효섭1
,
장 창래2*
,
조 강현3
,
김 원4
,
김 대현5
1Visiting Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
2Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
3Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
4Senior Research Fellow, Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea
5Professor, Department of Geography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
1연세대학교 토목환경공학과 객원교수
2한국교통대학교 토목공학과 교수
3인하대학교 생명과학과 교수
4한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부 선임연구위원
5서울대학교 지리학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
30 June 2025. pp. 112-125
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Abstract

The phenomenon of a "white river" turning into a "green river," or the phenomenon of river forestation, is well known both domestically and internationally. What is important is the positive and negative impacts of this phenomenon on river management. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the impact of this phenomenon on river flood risk management and to confirm the scientific validity of the river management practice of periodically removing trees. This study is a continuation of the related sister study (Ⅰ). It focuses on the river section in front of Byeongsan-Seowon, located in the middle and upper reaches of the Nakdong-gang River. This section started greening from 1991 to 1994 with following the introduction and establishment of vegetation. Since then, willow tree forestation has been in progress. However, all willow communities in the study reach were removed in 2024 for flood management purposes on the river. This study demonstrates that when a tree community exists on a bar floodplain, it hinders the flow and restricts the river's flow capacity. In this study reach, the presence of a tree community at the 100-year frequency design flood concentrates the flow into the channel, generating a maximum flow velocity of 3.8 m/s. This value is about 15% greater than that in the case without trees. Such an increase in flow velocity increases the risk of bank erosion and bed scouring. At the same time, the channel shear stress increases, so sediment transport is more active in the channel bed than in the case without trees, whereas it is less active in the floodplain of the tree community. When the trees in the study reach were removed to leave only the grass, it was found that there was no significant difference in the flow compared to the original river condition (white river). Lastly, it was found that the removal of the trees in the study reach had the effect of lowering the flood level by up to 0.65 m for the 100-year frequency design flood.

Keywords
Bed shear stress
Flood risk
Flow and sediment regime changes
Forestation and encroachment
Sediment bars

국내는 물론 국제적으로 화이트리버의 그린리버화 현상, 즉 하천의 수림화 현상은 주지의 사실이다. 중요한 것은 이러한 현상이 주는 하천관리 측면의 긍정적, 부정적 영향이다. 본 연구는 이러한 현상이 하천 홍수위험관리에 주는 영향을 정량적으로 평가하여 주기적으로 수목을 제거하는 하천관리 관행의 과학적 타당성을 확인하기 위한 것이다. 이 연구는 관련 자매연구(Ⅰ)의 연속으로서 낙동강 중상류 병산서원 앞 하천구간을 대상으로 한다. 이 구간은 1991년 이후 1994년까지 식생이 이입, 활착 되어 천이를 거쳐 버드나무류 중심의 수림화가 진행되었으나, 2024년에 하천 홍수관리 차원에서 조사구간의 버드나무 군락은 모두 제거되었다. 본 연구결과 하천 사주에 수목군락이 있는 경우 수목군은 흐름에 지장을 주어 하천 통수능을 제한한다. 본 조사구간에서 100년 빈도 설계홍수량에서 수목군의 존재는 흐름을 하도에 집중시켜 최대 3.8 m/s 유속을 발생시킨다. 이 값은 수목군이 없는 경우에 비해 약 15% 큰 값이다. 이와 같은 유속 증가는 수목군 대안의 강턱침식 및 하상세굴 위험을 높인다. 동시에 하도 소류력이 증가하여 수목이 없는 경우에 비해 유사이송이 활발한 반면에 수목 홍수터에서는 식생으로 인해 유사 이송보다는 퇴적이 활발하게 된다. 조사구간의 수목을 제거하여 초본류만 남게 한 경우 당초 원 하천 상태(화이트리버)와 비교하여 흐름 차이는 크게 없는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 조사구간의 수목제거는 100년 빈도 설계홍수시 최대 0.65 m 정도의 홍수위 저하 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

키워드
하상소류력
홍수위험
댐흐름과 유사 레짐 변화
수림화
사주
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering
  • Publisher(Ko) :응용생태공학회
  • Journal Title :Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
  • Journal Title(Ko) :응용생태공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 12
  • No :2
  • Pages :112-125
  • Received Date : 2025-06-16
  • Revised Date : 2025-06-19
  • Accepted Date : 2025-06-19
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.17820/eri.2025.12.2.112
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