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2024 Vol.11, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Article

Analysis of Morphological Changes and Habitat Diversity Variations in Downstream River of Seomjin River Dam

섬진강댐 하류하천의 지형학적 변화와 서식처 다양도 변화 분석

Tae Hyo Baek1
,
Mikyoung Choi2
,
Chang-Lae Jang3*
백 태효1
,
최 미경2
,
장 창래3*
1Ph.D Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
2Research Fellow, Korea Environment Institute, Sejong 30147, Korea
3Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
1국립한국교통대학교 토목공학과 박사과정
2한국환경연구원 통합물관리연구실 부연구위원
3국립한국교통대학교 사회기반공학전공 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2024. pp. 153-164
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Abstract

This study quantitatively evaluads and analyzed temporal and spatial changes in the physical geomorphology and habitat structure of the river channel following the construction of the Seomjin River Multipurpose Dam. It examines the impact of the dam on river geomorphology and physical habitat changes. In particular, the study analyzes various aspects of downstream changes, including riverbed elevation, channel width, bed sediment size, habitat types, and habitat diversity indices, to assess the interaction between the river and its ecosystem. The riverbed immediately downstream of the Seomjin River Dam exhibited armoring phenomena, exposing bedrock or cobbles. In the midstream area, local impacts such as hydraulic structures resulted in some bed degradation; however, overall riverbed elevation remained stable. The channel width varied due to the geomorphological characteristics of the Seomjin River, alternating between wider sections and narrower areas. From 2003 to 2021, the sediment size downstream of the dam showed a coarsening trend. Thirteen habitat types were identified, and a habitat diversity index was calculated. Using aerial photographs from the 1970s, 1980s, and 2021, habitat types were categorized. The habitat diversity index increased across different segments: from 1.04 to 1.78 downstream of the dam, from 0.97 to 1.41 in the mid-upper Songjung area, and from 0.58 to 1.58 in the downstream Shinbi area. Over time, the Seomjin River has seen a decrease in sand and gravel areas in floodplains and bars, while the area of herbaceous and woody vegetation has expanded. Consequently, habitat types and diversity have increased.

Keywords
Bar geomorphology
Downstream river of dam
Habitat diversity index
Habitat structure

본 연구는 섬진강 다목적댐을 대상으로 댐 건설 이후 발생한 하천의 하도의 물리적 지형변화와 서식처 구조의 시간적 공간적 변화를 정량적으로 평가하고 분석하여 댐이 하천지형과 물리적 서식처 변화에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 특히, 섬진강 하류에서 하상고 변화, 하폭, 하상토 입경(D50), 서식처 유형 및 서식처 다양도지수를 다각적으로 분석하여 하천과 생태계의 상호작용을 분석하였다. 섬진강 댐 직하류 하상은 장갑화 현상이 나타났고 기반암이나 호박돌로 노출되었으나, 중류는 수리구조물 등의 건설에 의한 국부적인 영향으로 하상이 저하되지만, 전반적으로 하상고의 변동이 없고 안정화 되었다. 하폭은 섬진강의 지형적이 특성에 의하여 하폭이 넓은 구간과 좁은 수충부 구간이 반복적으로 나타났다. 섬진강댐 직하류에서는 2003년부터 2021년까지 하상토의 입경은 굵어지고 있다. 서식처의 유형은 총 13가지로 구분하여 서식처 다양성지수를 산정하고, 1970년, 1980년대, 2021년 항공사진을 이용하여 서식처를 구분하였다. 구간별 서식처 다양도 지수는 섬진강댐 직하류 구간은 1.04에서 1.78로 증가하였다. 중상류에 위치한 송정지구는 0.97에서 1.41로 증가하였다. 하류에 위치한 신비지구는 0.58에서 1.58로 증가하였다. 섬진강은 시간에 따라 고수부지나 사주에서 모래자갈 면적이 감소하고 초본이나 수목의 면적이 증가하였으며, 서식처 유형과 서식처 다양성이 증가하였다.

키워드
하상변동
댐 하류하천
서식처 다양도 지수
서식처 구조
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering
  • Publisher(Ko) :응용생태공학회
  • Journal Title :Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
  • Journal Title(Ko) :응용생태공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 11
  • No :4
  • Pages :153-164
  • Received Date : 2024-11-15
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-10
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.17820/eri.2024.11.4.153
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